1. 25 Years of PMGSY Marked: The Government of India highlighted the completion of 25 years of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, showcasing major achievements in rural connectivity and infrastructure development.
2. Digital Governance Push: The Ministry of Jal Shakti launched new AI-enabled citizen service platforms to improve transparency, grievance redressal, and water governance efficiency.
3. Aviation Sector Boost: The Centre granted regulatory clearances to multiple new airline proposals under existing FDI norms, signalling continued liberalisation of India’s civil aviation sector.
4. Santhali Constitution Released: President Droupadi Murmu released the Constitution of India translated into the Santhali language, strengthening tribal inclusion and linguistic representation.
1. India Elected Kimberley Process Chair: India was elected Chair of the Kimberley Process for 2025–26, enhancing its leadership role in regulating conflict-free diamond trade.
2. Russia–Ukraine Conflict Continues: Russia launched fresh missile and drone attacks on Ukrainian cities, while diplomatic efforts for negotiations remained ongoing.
3. Thailand–Cambodia Ceasefire: Thailand and Cambodia agreed to an immediate ceasefire after weeks of border clashes, restoring stability in the region.
1. SEBI Investor-Friendly Reform: SEBI increased the threshold value for issuing duplicate share certificates, simplifying compliance for investors.
2. Record Foreign Investment: India’s banking and financial services sector attracted record foreign capital inflows during 2025, reflecting global confidence in India’s financial stability.
1. Mars Mission Breakthrough: NASA scientists identified Amazonis Planitia on Mars as a potential human landing site due to accessible subsurface water ice.
2. Black Hole Research: Astronomers reported changes in radiation patterns of quasars over cosmic time, reshaping understanding of supermassive black holes.
3. Strategic Missile Test: India successfully test-fired the K-4 submarine-launched ballistic missile, reinforcing advanced defence technology.
New Species Discovered: The Zoological Survey of India discovered a new soil-dwelling micro-arthropod species in Sikkim, highlighting India’s rich and lesser-known biodiversity.
1. K-4 SLBM Test: The Indian Navy conducted a successful launch of the K-4 missile from INS Arihant, strengthening India’s sea-based nuclear deterrence.
2. Russian Missile Deployment: Satellite imagery suggested Russia’s deployment of advanced hypersonic nuclear-capable missiles in eastern Europe.
1. President Droupadi Murmu: In focus for releasing the Santhali-language Constitution and promoting tribal inclusion.
2. Amit Shah: Launched India’s first national organised crime network database to integrate crime data across states.
3. P.V. Sindhu: Elected Chair of the Badminton World Federation Athletes’ Commission.
4. Anu Garg: Appointed the first woman Chief Secretary of Odisha.
1. P.V. Sindhu’s Global Role: Sindhu joined the BWF Council as Athletes’ Commission Chair, boosting India’s presence in global sports governance.
2. Young Cricket Talent Honoured: Vaibhav Suryavanshi received the Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar for excellence in cricket.
PM Rashtriya Bal Puraskar: Young achievers, including sports talents, were honoured for excellence and innovation.
1. International Day of Epidemic Preparedness: Observed globally on December 27 to promote awareness about preventing and managing epidemics.
2. Veer Bal Diwas (Observed on Dec 26): Continued nationwide discussions and events remembering the sacrifice of Sahibzadas.
1. New ASGs Appointed: The Government of India appointed new Additional Solicitors General to strengthen legal representation.
2. Odisha CS Appointment: Anu Garg named as Odisha’s first woman Chief Secretary, effective January 2026.
Strong Cities Network Summit: Held in Toronto, focusing on countering urban extremism, hate, and radicalisation through city-level cooperation.
1. Odisha: Anu Garg, IAS, Historic appointment of first woman Chief Secretary.
2. Chhattisgarh: Large number of Maoists surrendered under the state’s rehabilitation policy, marking progress in internal security.
Notable Losses in 2025: Tributes continued for prominent global figures who passed away earlier in the year, including renowned personalities from arts and cinema.
1. Global Innovation Index 2025: India ranked 38th globally, maintaining its position as the top lower-middle-income economy.
2. IMF Outlook: IMF projected global growth at around 3.2% for 2025, citing geopolitical and inflationary pressures.
No Major Releases Reported: No significant book launches or literary awards were reported specifically on December 27, 2025.
Space Industry Movement: Former ULA CEO Tory Bruno joined Blue Origin, indicating continued reshuffling in the global space sector leadership.
📝 Explanation: The United Nations observes December 27 as the International Day of Epidemic Preparedness to promote awareness about preventing, detecting, and responding to epidemics. The day emphasizes the importance of resilient healthcare systems, global cooperation, early warning mechanisms, and scientific research, especially after experiences like COVID-19 and Ebola outbreaks.
📝Explanation: In December 2025, Odisha appointed senior IAS officer Anu Garg as its first woman Chief Secretary. This marked a significant milestone in gender representation in senior administrative roles. The appointment reflects growing inclusivity in India’s civil services and recognition of administrative merit irrespective of gender.
📝 Explanation: India was elected Chair of the Kimberley Process for 2025–26. The Kimberley Process is a global initiative aimed at preventing the trade of conflict diamonds. India’s leadership role enhances its influence in global trade ethics and strengthens its position in the international gems and jewellery sector.
📝 Explanation: India successfully test-fired the K-4 submarine-launched ballistic missile from INS Arihant. With a range of about 3,500 km, the missile strengthens India’s nuclear triad by ensuring second-strike capability. This test enhances strategic deterrence and India’s maritime security posture.
📝 Explanation: India’s nuclear triad consists of land, air, and sea-based deterrence systems. The K-4 SLBM strengthens the sea-based leg by allowing nuclear missiles to be launched from submarines, ensuring survivability and credible deterrence even in case of a first strike by an adversary.
📝 Explanation: Olympic medalist P.V. Sindhu was elected Chair of the Badminton World Federation (BWF) Athletes’ Commission. This position allows her to represent players’ interests globally and also grants her membership in the BWF Council, giving India a stronger voice in international badminton governance.
📝 Explanation: Scientists from the Zoological Survey of India discovered a new soil-dwelling micro-arthropod species in Sikkim. The discovery highlights India’s rich and often unexplored biodiversity, particularly in soil ecosystems, and underlines the ecological importance of Himalayan regions.
📝 Explanation: The Strong Cities Network Global Summit brought together mayors and policymakers from around the world to address urban extremism, hate speech, and radicalization. The summit emphasized local governance, inclusive policies, and international cooperation in preventing violent extremism.
📝 Explanation: The Kimberley Process is directly linked to the global diamond trade. India, being a major hub for diamond cutting and polishing, benefits economically and diplomatically from chairing the process. It also strengthens India’s image as a responsible trading nation.
📝 Explanation: Scientists identified Amazonis Planitia as a promising landing site for future human missions because of accessible subsurface water ice. Water is crucial for life support, fuel generation, and sustainability of long-term human presence on Mars.
📝 Explanation: The Ministry of Jal Shakti launched AI-driven digital governance tools to improve citizen services and transparency. This initiative supports India’s Digital India and Good Governance objectives by leveraging technology for efficient public service delivery.
📝 Explanation: Thailand and Cambodia agreed to an immediate ceasefire after prolonged border clashes. The agreement helped de-escalate tensions in Southeast Asia and highlighted the role of diplomatic engagement in resolving regional disputes peacefully.
📝 Explanation: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projected global economic growth at approximately 3.2% for 2025. The outlook reflects slowing growth in advanced economies and moderate expansion in emerging markets amid inflation control and geopolitical uncertainties.
📝 Explanation: Chairing the Kimberley Process strengthens India’s trade diplomacy by positioning it as a leader in ethical trade practices. It also enhances India’s voice in shaping global trade regulations related to precious minerals.
📝 Explanation: India’s banking and financial services sector attracted record foreign investments in 2025. Reforms, digital banking growth, and stable macroeconomic fundamentals boosted investor confidence, making India a preferred destination for global capital.
📝 Explanation: The World Health Organization plays a central role in promoting epidemic preparedness. Through surveillance, vaccination programs, and global coordination, WHO helps countries build capacity to prevent and respond to public health emergencies.
📝 Explanation: Discoveries of new species reinforce the need for biodiversity conservation. Regions like Sikkim are ecological hotspots, and protecting such areas ensures ecosystem balance, climate resilience, and sustainable development.
📝 Explanation: INS Arihant is India’s first indigenous nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine. It plays a crucial role in India’s sea-based nuclear deterrence and symbolizes the country’s advanced naval and strategic capabilities.
📝 Explanation: The Strong Cities Network works with city governments worldwide to counter violent extremism, hate speech, and radicalization. It emphasizes local solutions, social inclusion, and community engagement to maintain urban security.
📝 Explanation: December 27 underscores the importance of epidemic preparedness. The day reminds the global community of lessons learned from pandemics and the need for international cooperation, strong healthcare systems, and scientific research to protect humanity from future health crises.
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