1. Zubeen Garg case: Assam Police’s Special Investigation Team filed a murder chargesheet in the death of singer Zubeen Garg (Jan 2025), naming two former Assam CM’s aide and others.
2. Census 2027 cleared: The Union Cabinet approved ₹11,718 crore for the 2027 Census, which will for the first time include caste enumeration.
3. Modi’s Gulf–Africa tour: Prime Minister Modi will visit Jordan, Ethiopia and Oman on Dec 15–18 to boost trade and defence ties.
4. Parliament row: Lok Sabha saw uproar after a BJP MP alleged Trinamool Congress members were using e-cigarettes inside the House.
1. Mexico tariffs: Mexico’s Senate approved raising auto import duties on non-free-trade partners (like China/India) to 50% (from 20%), a move targeting foreign car imports.
2. US travel screening: The US announced that nationals from visa-waiver countries must submit five years of social-media history and other personal data for travel authorization (ESTA).
3. Modi–Trump call: PM Modi spoke by phone with US President Donald Trump to review bilateral ties amid trade negotiations, affirming they will “continue working together for peace and prosperity”.
4. Bulgaria govt resigns: Bulgaria’s coalition government (led by PM Rosen Zhelyazkov) resigned amid mass anti-corruption protests and ahead of a looming no-confidence vote.
1. SEZ closures: India reported 466 Special Economic Zone units closed over the past five years, reflecting shifts in industrial strategy.
2. Wealth inequality: The World Inequality Report 2026 noted that India’s richest 10% now own 57% of national wealth.
3. OPEC+ decision: The OPEC+ group agreed on a modest 137,000 barrels-per-day oil output increase for Dec 2025, but will pause further hikes in Jan–Mar 2026 amid glut concerns.
1. Brain “building blocks”: Princeton researchers found the human brain learns new tasks by recombining modular “cognitive building blocks,” a shortcut current AI systems lack.
2. Cell stress sensor: Scientists at LMU Munich discovered that ribosomes (cellular protein machines) act as early warning sensors for cellular stress, detecting dysfunction before damage spreads.
3. Kidney cyst therapy: Researchers engineered an antibody that penetrates kidney cyst walls and kills cyst-lining cells, a breakthrough approach for treating polycystic kidney disease.
4. Alcohol and the liver: A UC San Diego team identified a gut receptor (mAChR4) that alcohol suppresses; its loss lets gut bacteria invade the liver, explaining how alcohol consumption leads to liver disease.
5. Interstellar comet: Astronomers are tracking interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS (discovered May 2025); on Dec 19 it will be about 270 million km (1.8 AU) from Earth, offering a chance to study material from outside our solar system.
1. COP30 action: At the UN climate summit in Belém (COP30), parties adopted the Belém Gender Action Plan 2026–2034, committing to integrate gender equality into climate actions and funding.
2. Brazil’s Amazon: Brazil announced demarcation of ten new Indigenous territories (totaling ~117.4 million hectares, ~13.8% of Brazil) at COP30, expanding protections for Amazon lands.
1. Pinaka upgrade: The Indian Army proposed a longer-range Pinaka Mk II rocket (120 km range) to be developed by DRDO, enhancing artillery firepower.
2. Pak-China exercise: Pakistan and China launched the 9th annual “Warrior-IX” joint counter-terrorism exercise in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, aimed at improving bilateral military coordination.
1. Time Person of Year: Time magazine named a group of AI leaders – Elon Musk, Lisa Su, Jensen Huang, Mark Zuckerberg, Demis Hassabis, Sam Altman, Dario Amodei and Fei-Fei Li – as 2025 Person(s) of the Year under the title “Architects of AI”.
2. Shivraj Patil: Veteran Congress leader Shivraj Patil (age 90), a former Union Home Minister and Lok Sabha Speaker, passed away.
1. Cricket (T20I): South Africa beat India by 51 runs in the 2nd Twenty20 International (Dec 11), leveling the five-match series 1–1.
2. U19 Asia Cup: India U-19 crushed UAE U-19 by 234 runs in the Asia Cup; opener Vaibhav Suryavanshi scored 171 to set up India’s record chase.
3. Messi in India: Football star Lionel Messi announced a three-city “GOAT Tour” of India (Dec 13–15) with public events scheduled in Kolkata, Hyderabad, Mumbai and New Delhi.
1. Nobel Peace Prize: The 2025 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Venezuela’s opposition leader Maria Corina Machado for her efforts to defend democracy in Venezuela.
2. Time Person of Year: (See Persons in News above) Time magazine’s Person of the Year honor went to the eight leading AI technologists.
1. International UHC Day (Dec 12): Marks Universal Health Coverage Day, promoting affordable, quality healthcare for all.
2. International Day of Neutrality (Dec 12): Celebrates neutrality as a principle of peaceful coexistence among nations.
1. Corporate leadership: Altria Group (tobacco products) announced CEO Billy Gifford will retire in mid-2026, and elected Salvatore “Sal” Mancuso (current CFO) as the next CEO.
2. E-commerce CEO change: ContextLogic Inc. (owner of Wish) revealed that CEO Rishi Bajaj resigned on Dec 7, 2025, and Mark Ward was appointed as the new President (effective immediately).
1. Summit of the Americas: The 10th Summit of the Americas (planned for Dec 2025 in Punta Cana) was officially postponed to 2026.
2. Aviation summit: The CAPA Airline Leader Summit World (aviation industry conference) was held in Lisbon on Dec 11–12, bringing together global airline and airport leaders to review 2025 trends.
1. Gujarat: All 16 ministers (except CM Bhupendra Patel) resigned to allow for a cabinet reshuffle.
2. Kerala: Counting of votes for the 2025 local body elections (with 73.7% turnout) will be held on Dec 12; oath-taking for winners is set for Dec 21.
3. Punjab/Haryana: The Punjab & Haryana High Court ordered the parole/release of Sonia and Sanjeev (convicted in an eight-member family murder case), pending a fresh review by a state committee.
1. Shivraj Patil (90): Former Union Home Minister and Lok Sabha Speaker (Congress leader) passed away.
2. Mohammed Rahmatullah (87): Ex-India football international (forward) died on Dec 3; FIFA President Infantino sent condolences to his family.
3. Stan Brookes (72): Former English footballer (Doncaster Rovers), passed away on Dec 12.
1. Corruption Index: India ranked 96th out of 180 countries (score 38/100) in Transparency International’s 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index.
2. Wealth distribution: The World Inequality Report 2026 highlights that India’s top 10% wealthiest own 57% of total national wealth.
1. International Booker Prize: Awarded in May 2025 to Banu Mushtaq for Heart Lamp (Kannada novel, translated by Deepa Bhasthi).
2. Nobel Literature Prize: The 2025 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Hungarian novelist László Krasznahorkai.
No additional significant global events were reported for this date beyond those covered above.
📝 Explanation: The Union Cabinet approved ₹11,718 crore for Census 2027, which will, for the first time since independence, include caste data. This decision is expected to influence welfare planning and socio-economic policymaking.
📝Explanation: PM Modi announced a visit to Jordan, Ethiopia and Oman from December 15–18, 2025, aiming to strengthen trade, defense cooperation, and South–South partnerships.
📝 Explanation: Mexico’s Senate approved a steep hike in auto import duties from non-free-trade partners like India and China to protect domestic automobile manufacturing.
📝 Explanation: The US mandated that travelers from visa-waiver countries submit five years of social-media data under the ESTA system to enhance national security screening.
📝 Explanation: The report highlighted growing inequality in India, noting that the richest 10% control 57% of national wealth, raising concerns over inclusive growth.
📝 Explanation: OPEC+ agreed to increase oil production by 137,000 barrels per day in December 2025 but paused further hikes due to oversupply risks.
📝 Explanation: Princeton scientists discovered that the human brain learns by recombining modular “cognitive building blocks,” unlike AI systems, offering insights for next-generation artificial intelligence.
📝 Explanation: Researchers developed an antibody capable of penetrating kidney cyst walls to kill cyst-lining cells, offering hope for treating polycystic kidney disease.
📝 Explanation: Brazil announced the demarcation of ten new Indigenous territories covering 117.4 million hectares, strengthening Amazon rainforest protection.
📝 Explanation: The Indian Army proposed upgrading the Pinaka Mk II rocket system to extend its range to 120 km, significantly enhancing artillery strike capabilities.
📝 Explanation: The 9th edition of the China–Pakistan counter-terrorism exercise “Warrior-IX” was conducted to strengthen joint operational preparedness.
📝 Explanation: Time honored eight leading AI innovators including Elon Musk, Sam Altman, Jensen Huang and Demis Hassabis, recognizing their transformative impact on artificial intelligence.
📝 Explanation: Vaibhav Suryavanshi smashed 171 runs as India U-19 defeated UAE by 234 runs in the U-19 Asia Cup.
📝 Explanation: Lionel Messi announced his “GOAT Tour” across Indian cities including Kolkata and Mumbai, generating massive fan excitement.
📝 Explanation: December 12 highlights the importance of accessible, affordable healthcare for all, aligning with UN Sustainable Development Goals.
📝 Explanation: Observed on December 12, the day promotes neutrality as a diplomatic tool to prevent conflicts and encourage peaceful international relations.
📝 Explanation: All Gujarat ministers except the Chief Minister resigned to facilitate a major cabinet reshuffle ahead of elections.
📝 Explanation: Shivraj Patil, former Home Minister and Lok Sabha Speaker, passed away at 90. He played a key role in Indian parliamentary democracy.
📝 Explanation: Transparency International ranked India 96th out of 180 countries, reflecting ongoing governance and corruption challenges.
📝 Explanation: Interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, discovered in 2025, offered scientists a rare opportunity to study material originating outside the solar system.
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