Indices
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Indices (Exponents) – Definition, Rules, Examples & 20 MCQs With Solutions

⭐ Indices (Exponents) — Detailed Explanation

  • Indices (also called exponents or powers) are used to express repeated multiplication in short form.
  • For any number a and positive integer n, a=a × a × a × ⋯× a (n times)

🧠 Key Laws of Indices

  1. Product of Powers: am × an = am + n 
  2. Product of Powers: am / an = am – n 
  3. Power of a Power: (am)n = amn 
  4. Power of a Product: (ab)n = anbn
  5. Zero Index Rule: a0 = 1(a ≠ 0)
  6. Negative Index Rule: a-n = 1/an
  7. Fractional Index Rule: am/n = ⁿ√am 

⭐ 5 Solved Examples of Indices (With Explanation)

Example 1: Simplify 23 × 24
  • Using product rule: 23 × 24 23+4 27 = 128
Example 2: Simplify 56 / 52
  • Using quotient rule: 56-2 54
Example 3: Simplify (32)3

(32)32×3 36 = 729

Example 4: Evaluate 7-2

Negative power: 7-2 = 1/7= 1/49

Example 5: Simplify 161/2

Fractional power means square root: 161/2 =√16

MCQ's For Exam

Q.1. What is 30 ?

  1. 0
  2. 1
  3. 3
  4. Undefined

2) 1

📝Explanation: Any non-zero number raised to the power 0 equals 1. This follows from the quotient rule am/am = a0 = 1

Q.2. Simplify 24 × 23 ?

  1. 128
  2. 16
  3. 256
  4. 64

1) 128

📝 Description: 

Same base → add powers:
24+3 = 27 = 128

Q.3. Simplify 75 / 73 ?

  1. 49
  2. 7
  3. 343

4) 7²

📝 Description:

Subtract powers:
75-3 = 72 = 49

Q.4. Evaluate (42)3 ?

  1. 4096
  2. 64
  3. 512
  4. 256

1) 4096

📝 Description: 

Power of a power rule:
(42)3 = 46 = 4096

Q.5. Value of 103 ?

  1. 0.001
  2. 0.01
  3. 10
  4. 100

1) 0.001

📝 Description: 

Negative index = reciprocal:
10-3 = 1/1000 = 0.00110

Q.6. Simplify 91/2 ?

  1. 2
  2. 3
  3. 4
  4. √9

2) 3

📝 Description:

2√7 + 5√7 = (2+5)√7 = 7√7

Q.7. Value of (23 × 22) ?

  1. 16
  2. 32
  3. 64
  4. 128

2) 32

📝 Description:

Add powers → 23+2 = 25 = 32.

Q.8. Simplify 54 ÷ 5 ?

  1. 5
  2. 25
  3. 125
  4. 625

3) 125

📝 Description:

5 = 51.
So 54-1 = 53 = 125

Q.9. Simplify (3×2)3?

  1. 216
  2. 36
  3. 64
  4. 512

1) 216

📝 Description: 

.
Power distributes over product.

Q.10. What is 82/3?

  1. 2
  2. 4
  3. 8
  4. 16

2) 4

📝 Description:

.

Q.11. Evaluate 321/5?

  1. 4
  2. 5
  3. 2
  4. 3

3) 2

📝 Description: 

Q.12. Solve 2-3/2-1?

  1. 2
  2. 8
  3. 1/4
  4. 1/8

3) 1/4

📝 Description: 

Subtract exponents:
2-3-(-1)= 2-2 = 1/4
But that contradicts options; correction: Should match options → actual:

2-3/ 2-1= 2-2 =1/4

Q.13. Solve (34×3-2)?

  1. 9
  2. 81
  3. 27
  4. 3

1) 9

📝 Description:

.

Q.14. Value of 49-1/2?

  1. 1/7
  2. 1/49
  3. 7
  4. 14

1) 1/7

📝 Description: 

49-1/2 = 1/√49 = 1/7

Q.15. Solve 64 ÷ 66?

  1. 1/36
  2. 1/6²
  3. 1/6
  4. 1/6³

1) 1/36

📝 Description: 

64-6 = 6-2 = 1/62 = 1/36

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